Utente:RubatoStufato/Elenco di regolatori linguistici

Quest'è un elenco di organizzazioni che regolano le lingue standard, che spesso vengono chiamate accademie linguistiche. Le accademie linguistiche hanno come motivo, o come legame stretto, il purismo linguistico, e di solito pubblicano dizionari normativi, i quali affermano di officiare e prescrivere i significati di parole e le pronunce. Però è anche possibile che sia non-normativo un regolatore linguistico benché mantenga (sempre senza di imporla) un'ortografia standard.

Molte lingue del mondo hanno una o più di una accademia linguistica. Però, la misura di controllo che hanno le accademie delle loro lingue non rende queste lingue in lingue controllate come lo sono "l'inglese semplice" (ad esempio, l'inglese di base e l'inglese tecnico semplificato) e il Newspeak, la lingua di finzione di George Orwell. Rimangono invece in gran misura lingue naturali, e così non sono lingue formali come l'inglese controllato di Attempto (ing. Attempto Controlled English). Hanno però una certa misura di standardizzazione che gli permette di funzionare come lingue standard (tipo il francese standard).

Lingue naturali

Language	Territory	Regulator(s)
Afrikaans	Sudafrica	Die Taalkommissie
Akan	Ghana	Akan Orthography Committee (AOC)
Albanian	Albania  Kosovo	Academy of Sciences of Albania, Tirana
Arabic	Algeria  Egitto  Iraq  Giordania  Marocco  Somalia  Sudan  Siria  Tunisia  Israele	Academy of the Arabic Language (مجمع اللغة العربية) Algeria, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Morocco, Somalia, Syria, Tunisia, Sudan Academy of the Arabic Language, Israel (مجمع اللغة العربية) Arabic Language International Council
Aragonese	[[File:Template:Naz/Aragon|class=noviewer|Bandiera Template:Naz/AragonTemplate:Naz/Aragon|20x16px]]	Academia de l'Aragonés, Aragon, Spain
Armenian	Armenia	Armenian National Academy of Sciences (Հայաստան)
Assamese	Assam	Asam Sahitya Sabha (অসম সাহিত্য সভা)
Asturian	[[File:Template:Naz/Asturias|class=noviewer|Bandiera Template:Naz/AsturiasTemplate:Naz/Asturias|20x16px]]	Academy of the Asturian Language (Academia de la Llingua Asturiana)
Azerbaijani	Azerbaigian  Iran	Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences
Bengali (Bangla)	Bangladesh	Bangla Academy (বাংলা একাডেমি)
	West Bengal	Paschimbanga Bangla Akademi (পশ্চিমবঙ্গ বাংলা আকাদেমি)
Basque	[[File:Template:Naz/Basque Country|class=noviewer|Bandiera Template:Naz/Basque CountryTemplate:Naz/Basque Country|20x16px]] Basque Country [[File:Template:Naz/Navarre|class=noviewer|Bandiera Template:Naz/NavarreTemplate:Naz/Navarre|20x16px]] Navarre French Basque Country	Euskaltzaindia, often translated as Royal Academy of the Basque language
Belarusian	Bielorussia	The Jakub Kolas and Janka Kupala Institute of Language and Literature at the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
Bosnian	Bosnia ed Erzegovina Template:Flagicon image Sandžak	University of Sarajevo
Berber or Tamazight	Marocco	Royal Institute of Amazight Culture (IRCAM)
	Algeria	Haut Commissariat à l'Amazighité (HCA)
Bulgarian	Bulgaria	Institute for Bulgarian Language at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
Burmese	Birmania	Myanmar Language Commission
Cantonese		Official Language Division, Civil Service Bureau, Government of Hong Kong
Catalan		Institute of Catalan Studies (Institut d'Estudis Catalans)
	[[File:Template:Naz/Valencian Community|class=noviewer|Bandiera Template:Naz/Valencian CommunityTemplate:Naz/Valencian Community|20x16px]]	Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua (for the Valencian standard)
Cebuano	Filippine	Visayan Academy of Arts and Letters (Akademyang Bisaya)
Cherokee	[[File:Template:Naz/Cherokee Nation|class=noviewer|Bandiera Template:Naz/Cherokee NationTemplate:Naz/Cherokee Nation|20x16px]]	Council of the Cherokee Nation (ᏣᎳᎩᎯ ᎠᏰᎵ)
Standard Chinese	Cina	State Language Work Committee (国家语言文字工作委员会)
	Template:ROC-TW	National Languages Committee (國語推行委員會)
	Singapore	Promote Mandarin Council (讲华语运动理事会)
	Malaysia	Chinese Language Standardisation Council of Malaysia (马来西亚华语规范理事会)
Cornish	[[File:Template:Naz/Cornwall|class=noviewer|Bandiera Template:Naz/CornwallTemplate:Naz/Cornwall|20x16px]]	Cornish Language Partnership (Keskowethyans an Taves Kernewek)
Croatian	Croazia	Institute of Croatian Language and Linguistics (Institut za hrvatski jezik i jezikoslovlje)
Czech	Rep. Ceca	Institute of the Czech Language (of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic) (Ústav pro jazyk český (Akademie věd České republiky))
Danish	Danimarca	Dansk Sprognævn (Danish Language Council)
Dalecarlian	Dalarna County	Ulum Dalska
Dari	Afghanistan	Academy of Sciences of Afghanistan
Divehi	Maldive	Dhivehi Academy
Dutch	Paesi Bassi  Belgio  Suriname	Nederlandse Taalunie (Dutch Language Union)
Dzongkha	Bhutan	Dzongkha Development Commission (རྫོང་ཁ་གོང་འཕེལ་ལྷན་ཚོགས)
Estonian	Estonia	Emakeele Seltsi keeletoimkond (Language Board at the Mother Tongue Society) sets rules and standards, authoritative advice is given by the Institute of the Estonian Language (Eesti Keele Instituut)
Faroese	Fær Øer	Faroese Language Council (Málráðið)
Filipino	Filippine	Commission on the Filipino Language (Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino)
Finnish	Finlandia	Research Institute for the Languages of Finland
French	Francia	Académie française (French Academy)
		Office québécois de la langue française (Quebec Office of the French Language)
Galician	[[File:Template:Naz/Galicia|class=noviewer|Bandiera Template:Naz/GaliciaTemplate:Naz/Galicia|20x16px]]	Royal Galician Academy (Real Academia Galega)
German	Germania  Austria  Svizzera [[File:Template:Naz/South Tyrol|class=noviewer|Bandiera Template:Naz/South TyrolTemplate:Naz/South Tyrol|20x16px]]	Council for German Orthography (Rat für deutsche Rechtschreibung)
Greenlandic		The Greenland Language Secretariat (Oqaasileriffik)
Greek		Center for the Greek language (Κέντρον Ελληνικής Γλώσσας)
Guarani		Guarani Language Academy (Guarani Ñe’ ẽ Rerekuapavẽ)
Haitian Creole	Haiti	Akademi Kreyòl Ayisyen (Haitian Creole Academy)
Hebrew	Israele	Academy of the Hebrew Language (האקדמיה ללשון העברית)
Hindi	India	Central Hindi Directorate (regulates use of Devanagari script and Hindi spelling in India)
Hmar	India	Hmar Literature Society (Manipur, India)
Hungarian	Ungheria	Research Institute for Linguistics of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Magyar Tudományos Akadémia Nyelvtudományi Intézete)
Icelandic	Islanda	Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies
Igbo	Nigeria	Society for Promoting Igbo Language and Culture
Indonesian	Indonesia	Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa
Irish	Irlanda	Foras na Gaeilge
Italian	Italia Template:RSM  Svizzera	Accademia della Crusca (Academy of the bran)
Japanese	Giappone	No official centralized regulation, but de facto regulations by Agency for Cultural Affairs (文化庁) at the Ministry of Education of Japan (文部科学省)
Kannada	Karnataka	Various academies and Government of Karnataka
Kashubian	Polonia	Commission of the Kashubian Language [1]
Kazakh	Kazakistan	Ministry of Culture of Kazakhstan
Khmer	Cambogia	Ministry of culture and fine arts of Cambodia
Korean	Corea del Sud	National Institute of the Korean Language (국립국어원)
Kven	Norvegia	Kainun institutti – kvensk institutt
Kyrgyz	Kirghizistan	National Committee for State Language under the President of the Kyrgyz Republic (Кыргыз Республикасынын Президентине караштуу Мамлекеттик тил боюнча улуттук комиссия)
Latin	[[File:Template:Naz/Holy See|class=noviewer|Bandiera Template:Naz/Holy SeeTemplate:Naz/Holy See|20x16px]]	Pontifical Academy for Latin (Pontificia Academia Latinitatis) (ecclesiastical Latin)
		International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (of the International Association for Plant Taxonomy: botanical Latin)
		International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature: zoological Latin)
Latvian	Lettonia	Latvian State Language Center (Valsts Valodas Centrs)
Lithuanian	Lituania	Commission of the Lithuanian Language (Valstybinė lietuvių kalbos komisija)
Lusoga	Uganda	Lusoga Language Authority (LULA)
Macedonian	Macedonia del Nord	Macedonian Language Institute "Krste Misirkov" (Институт за македонски јазик "Крсте Мисирков", Institut za makedonski jazik "Krste Misirkov")
Malay	Malaysia  Brunei	Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (The Institute of Language and Literature)
Malayalam	Kerala	Kerala Sahitya Akademi (കേരള സാഹിത്യ പരിശീലന സ്ഥാപനം) and Government of Kerala
Maltese	Malta	National Council for the Maltese Language (www.kunsilltalmalti.gov.mt)
Manx	Isola di Man	Coonceil ny Gaelgey
Māori	Nuova Zelanda	Māori Language Commission
Mirandese	Portogallo	Anstituto de la Lhéngua Mirandesa (Institute of the Mirandese Language)
Mixtec	Messico	Academy of the Mixtec Language (Ve'e Tu'un Sávi)
Mongolian	Mongolia	Council of the official state language (Төрийн хэлний зөвлөл). Decisions have to be confirmed by the Mongolian government.
Nepali	Nepal	Language Academy of Nepal
Norwegian Bokmål Norwegian Nynorsk	Norvegia	Norwegian Language Council
Occitan	Francia  Spagna  Monaco  Italia	Lo Congrès Permanent de la lenga occitana (the permanent congress of occitan language) [2]
Pashto	Afghanistan	Academy of Sciences of Afghanistan
	Pakistan	Pashto Academy
Persian	Iran  Tagikistan  Afghanistan  Uzbekistan	Academy of Persian Language and Literature (فرهنگستان زبان و ادب فارسی‎)
Polish	Polonia	Polish Language Council (Rada Języka Polskiego)
Portuguese	Portogallo	Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, Classe de Letras
	Brasile	Academia Brasileira de Letras (Brazilian Literary Academy)
	[[File:Template:Naz/Galicia|class=noviewer|Bandiera Template:Naz/GaliciaTemplate:Naz/Galicia|20x16px]]	Galician Academy of the Portuguese Language (Academia Galega da Lingua Portuguesa)
Quechua	Perù	High Academy of the Quechua Language (Qheswa simi hamut'ana kuraq suntur)
Romanian	Romania	Institutul de Lingvisticǎ al Academiei Române (Institute for Linguistics of the Romanian Academy)
	Moldavia	Academia de Ştiinţe a Moldovei
Russian	[[File:Template:Naz/Russian Empire|class=noviewer|Bandiera Template:Naz/Russian EmpireTemplate:Naz/Russian Empire|20x16px]]	Russian Academy (1783–1841)
	Russia	Russian Language Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (since 1944)
Scots	Scozia	The Scots Language Centre supports the Scots language. Scottish Language Dictionaries record and analyse the language as it is spoken and written throughout Scotland and Ulster today.
Secwepemctsín	Canada	Stk'wemiple7s re Secwepemctsin, are the group of people supported by the Secwepemc Cultural Education Society who develop new words.
Serbian and Montenegrin	Serbia  Montenegro	Board for Standardization of the Serbian Language
Sindhi	Pakistan	Sindhi Language Authority [3]
Sinhala		Hela Havula (හෙළ හවුල)
Slovak	Slovacchia	Ľudovít Štúr Institute of Linguistics (Jazykovedný ústav Ľudovíta Štúra) at Slovak Academy of Sciences (Slovenská akadémia vied)
Slovene	Slovenia	Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts
Somali		Regional Somali Language Academy
Sorbian	Germania	Serbski institut [4]
Spanish	Filippine	Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (constituted by the Real Academia Española plus 22 other separate national academies in the Spanish-speaking world)
Swahili	Tanzania	Baraza la Kiswahili la Taifa
	Kenya	Chama cha Kiswahili cha Taifa
Swedish	Svezia	Swedish Language Council (semi-official) Swedish Academy
	Finlandia	Swedish Language Department of the Research Institute for the Languages of Finland (Svenska språkbyrån)
Tamil	Tamil Nadu	Thanjavur Tamil University and Official Language Commission of Government of Tamil Nadu
		Department of Official Languages, Sri Lanka
Tatar		Institute of Language, Literature and Arts of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan
Telugu	Andhra Pradesh and Telangana	Telugu Academy and Official Language Commission of Government of Andhra Pradesh
Tetum	Timor Est	National Institute of Linguistics at the National University of East Timor
Thai	Thailandia	Royal Society of Thailand (ราชบัณฑิตยสภา)
Turkish	Turchia  Cipro Template:TRNC	Turkish Language Association
Ukrainian	Ucraina	National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Urdu	Pakistan	National Language Authority, Pakistan
	India	National Council for Promotion of Urdu Language, India
Urhobo	Nigeria	Urhobo Studies Association
Võro	Estonia	Võro Institute
Waray	Filippine	Sanghiran san Binisaya ha Samar ug Leyte (Academy of the Visayan Language of Samar and Leyte) defunct
Welsh	Galles	Welsh Language Commissioner (Meri Huws) — The Welsh Government (previously the Welsh Language Board Bwrdd yr Iaith Gymraeg)(Principally, however, the role of the Welsh Language Commissioner is that of language planning and policy regulator and enforcer. The role also includes corpus planning.)
West Frisian	[[File:Template:Naz/Friesland|class=noviewer|Bandiera Template:Naz/FrieslandTemplate:Naz/Friesland|20x16px]]	Fryske Akademy (Frisian Academy)
Wolof	Senegal	Centre de linguistique appliquée de Dakar (Center of Applied Linguistics of Dakar at the Cheikh Anta Diop University)
Yiddish	Svezia  Russia	YIVO [5]
Yoruba	Nigeria	Yoruba Academy

Lingue ausiliare

Esperanto

Da parte l'Akademio de Esperanza, la maggioranza delle lingue ausiliari, che vengono chiamate anche lingue artificiali (Conlangs, dall'inglese "constructed languages") non hanno veri regolatori linguistici (cioè, vere accademie linguistiche).

Esperanto and Ido have been constructed (or planned) by a person or small group, before being adopted and further developed by communities of users through natural language evolution.

Bodies such as the Akademio de Esperanto look at questions of usage in the light of the original goals and principles of the language.

Vedi anche: Lingue ausiliare internazionali

Language	Regulator(s)
Esperanto	Akademio de Esperanto
Ido	Uniono por la Linguo Internaciona Ido
Lojban	Logical Language Group
Volapük	Kadäm Volapüka

Altre lingue artificiali

Language	Regulator(s)
Klingon	Marc Okrand
Talossan	Comità per l'Útzil del Glheþ

Interlingua

The auxiliary language Interlingua has no regulating body, as its vocabulary, grammar, and orthography are viewed as a product of ongoing social forces. In theory, Interlingua therefore evolves independent from any human regulator. Interlingua's vocabulary is verified and recorded by dynamically applying certain general principles to an existing set of natural languages and their etymologies. IALA ceased to exist (1953) and according to the secretary of Union Mundial de Interlingua "Interlingua doesn't need its Academy"[7]

Vedi anche

• Regolamentazione linguistica
• Rivitalizzazione linguistica
• Pianificazione linguistica
• Purismo (linguistica)
• Lingue nei censi